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Guide to holy door at Vatican & others Roman basilicas

Vatican JubileeHoly Doors

Crossing the Holy Doors at the Vatican & other Roman Basilicas

The Holy Doors are sacred portals found within the four major Papal basilicas in Rome: St. Peter's Basilica, the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, the Basilica of St. Mary Major, and the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls. These doors are ceremonially opened only during Jubilee Years, symbolizing the spiritual journey from sin to grace. For pilgrims, crossing these doors is a profound act of faith, offering an opportunity for renewal, forgiveness, and a deeper connection with the divine.

Why do the Holy Doors matter?

The tradition of the Holy Doors dates back to 1423 when Pope Martin V first opened the door at St. John Lateran. Since then, the custom has expanded to include Rome’s four major basilicas. Each basilica’s Holy Door is sealed from the inside and only opened during Jubilee years by the Pope, marking the start of a Holy Year.

Jubilee 2025: When do the Holy Doors open?

The Holy Doors in the four major basilicas will be ceremonially opened by Pope Francis, marking the start of this sacred period.

Key dates

  • St. Peter's Basilica: Opens December 24, 2024 (Christmas Eve) at 4:30pm. Closes January 6, 2026 (Feast of the Epiphany).
  • Archbasilica of St. John Lateran: Opens December 29, 2024 (Feast of the Holy Family). Closes December 28, 2025.
  • Basilica of St. Mary Major: Opens January 1, 2025 (Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God). Closes December 28, 2025.
  • Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls: Opens January 5, 2025 (Vigil of Epiphany). Closes December 28, 2025.
Four Holy Doors of Jubilee 2025

The "Fifth" holy door

In addition to the traditional Holy Doors located in the four papal basilicas, Pope Francis has announced that a fifth Holy Door will be opened at a prison. The specific location has not yet been announced. This unprecedented decision aims to extend the message of mercy and hope to those who are incarcerated.

Visitor information

Pilgrims at the St Peter Basilica square in the Vatican City during Jubilee 2025
  • Opening ceremonies: Each Holy Door will be opened by Pope Francis during special liturgical celebrations, marking the beginning of the Jubilee Year.
  • Guided tours and events: Pilgrims can participate in guided tours and various events throughout the Jubilee, including Masses, processions, and special prayers at each basilica.
  • Best times to visit: To avoid large crowds, it is recommended to visit the Holy Doors during weekdays, especially in the early morning or late afternoon. Expect larger crowds during weekends, holidays, and significant feast days, particularly around the opening ceremonies.
  • Pilgrim’s Card: Pilgrims need to register for a special pilgrim’s card to attend key Jubilee events and indulgences. It is free of cost and can be registered online.
  • Dress code: Visitors should adhere to a respectful dress code, covering shoulders and knees when entering religious sites.
  • Preparation: With an anticipated four million visitors during December and January alone, and even more throughout the Jubilee year, booking tickets, tours, accommodations, and transportation in advance is highly recommended.
Plan your Jubilee 2025 experience

The Tradition of the Holy Doors

The tradition of opening Holy Doors during special Jubilee years dates back to 1423. Pope Martin V initiated this practice at St. John Lateran. Since then, the custom has expanded to include Rome’s four major basilicas. Each basilica’s Holy Door is sealed from the inside and only opened during Jubilee years by the Pope, marking the start of a Holy Year.

Key milestones include Pope Boniface VIII’s decision in 1300 to hold Jubilees every 25 years and the introduction of indulgences* for those who cross the Holy Doors. Over time, the doors have become powerful symbols of forgiveness and renewal, making them a central part of the Jubilee tradition.

*An indulgence is a remission of temporal punishment due to sin, granted by the Catholic Church. Note that indulgences do not forgive sins, as that is the role of the Sacrament of Reconciliation. Instead, they reduce the temporal punishment associated with sins already forgiven.

Frequently asked questions about the Holy Doors

How can I obtain a pilgrim's card for accessing the Holy Doors?

Pilgrims can obtain a special pilgrim's card through local parishes or designated tour operators. This card may be required for certain events and indulgences during the Jubilee. You can register online for free as well.

Is there a recommended route to visit all four Holy Doors in a single pilgrimage?
  • The most popular route is the Via Papale (Papal Way), which begins at the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran and ends at St. Peter's Basilica. This route passes by significant sites like the Colosseum and Castel Sant'Angelo before reaching St. Peter's Square.
  • Another option is the Via del Pellegrino (Pilgrim's Way), which also starts at St. John Lateran and includes a stop at San Giovanni Battista dei Fiorentini before ending at Castel Sant'Angelo.
  • The Cammino Mariano (Marian Way) begins at the Basilica of St. Mary Major, passes through churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and joins the Via Papale at Piazza Navona.
What are the rituals or prayers associated with crossing the Holy Doors?

While no specific prayers are mandated, many pilgrims choose to engage in personal reflection or recite traditional prayers like the Act of Contrition before passing through the Holy Door.
The act of physically crossing the threshold signifies a renewal of faith and a desire for spiritual transformation. As Pope St. John Paul II stated, "To pass through that door means to confess that Jesus Christ is Lord; it is to strengthen faith in him in order to live the new life which he has given us." Ultimately, the experience is deeply personal, inviting pilgrims to experience God's mercy and embrace the spirit of the Jubilee.

Are there any specific requirements for visiting the Holy Doors?

Visitors should adhere to a respectful dress code, covering shoulders and knees. Additionally, participating in the Sacrament of Penance is encouraged to fully experience the indulgence associated with passing through the Holy Doors.

What are the peak times to visit the Holy Doors, and how can I avoid long lines?

Peak times are typically during weekends, holidays, and significant liturgical events, especially around the opening ceremonies. To avoid long lines, plan your visit on weekdays, particularly early in the morning or later in the afternoon. Arriving shortly before opening hours can also help minimize wait times.

Are there accessibility options for elderly or disabled pilgrims wishing to cross the Holy Doors?

Yes, the major basilicas, including those with Holy Doors, generally provide accessibility options for elderly and disabled pilgrims. Ramps and designated pathways are available to facilitate access.

Can I bring personal items or prayer intentions through the Holy Doors, and are there guidelines for doing so?

Yes, pilgrims are encouraged to bring personal items or written prayer intentions. While there are no specific guidelines prohibiting this, it is advisable to keep items small and manageable. Many pilgrims choose to leave their intentions at designated areas near the Holy Doors or within the basilicas.

Can I visit the Holy Doors at other locations outside of Rome?

While the main Holy Doors are located at the four major basilicas in Rome, local bishops may designate other significant churches or cathedrals as pilgrimage sites with their own Holy Doors. Check with local dioceses for more information.

What should I do if I cannot visit the Holy Doors in person?

For those unable to visit, participating in local Jubilee events, engaging in acts of charity, and seeking the Sacrament of Penance can still offer a meaningful way to experience the spirit of the Jubilee.

More reads

Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls

Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls

Basilica of St. Mary Major

Basilica of St. Mary Major

Archbasilica of St. John Lateran

Archbasilica of St. John Lateran